Players can't connect to the server – timeout error?

Causes: 1. server not running (systemctl status), 2. wrong IP/port, 3. firewall blocks, 4. DNS not resolved. Check: server running? port open? IP correct? use 'netstat -tlnp' for ports, 'dig domain.com' for DNS.

Server lags with many players – how to fix this?

Quick fix: upgrade RAM/CPU. Interim: lower render distance (Minecraft), set entity limits, delete old chunks, disable plugins, switch to SSD. Monitoring: use htop, iotop, top.

Port shows as 'in use' – how do I free the port?

Use 'netstat -tlnp | grep :PORT' or 'lsof -i :PORT' to find process PID. Then 'kill -9 PID' or 'systemctl stop service-name'. Then start new server.

Error: 'Out of Memory' – server crashes constantly?

RAM is full. Quick fix: upgrade server RAM or lower player count. Interim: set up swap memory, increase memory limits for Java server, check plugins for memory leaks.

SSH connection drops – how do I fix this?

Causes: inactivity timeout, firewall, poor connection. Solutions: SSH config with 'ServerAliveInterval 60', use persistent terminal (tmux/screen), or use SSH keys instead of password for stability.

How do I systematically debug performance issues?

Step by step: 1. top/htop – which process uses resources? 2. df – disk full? 3. iotop – disk I/O bottleneck? 4. netstat – traffic congestion? 5. check logs (/var/log/). Tools: sar, nmon for history.

Error message: 'Java.lang.OutOfMemoryError' – what to do?

Java heap too small. Solution: increase Java options: java -Xmx8G -Xms8G (for 8GB). Enter in startup script. Example: java -Xmx16G -Xms16G -jar server.jar nogui. Then restart server.

Quick answer: Common causes: 1. port misconfigured (firewall), 2. RAM full (server crashes), 3. server software start error, 4. wrong server file. Solution: open port (UFW), increase RAM, check logs, restart server.

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